十二章，又称“十二文章”，是中華從古到大明的中國禮服上的十二種紋飾，分別為日、月、星辰、山、龍、華蟲、宗彝、藻、火、粉米、黼、黻。十二章紋的起源可追溯到中國史前時期，到了中國周代正式確立，成為中國歷代帝王的服章制度，一直沿用到袁世凱復辟帝制為止。中華民國北洋政府時期的國徽也是依照十二章紋設計的。
十二章為章服之始，以下又衍生出九章、七章、五章、三章之別，按品位遞減。例如明代服制規定：天子十二章，皇太子、亲王、世子俱九章。
The Twelve Ornaments (Chinese: 十二章; pinyin: Shí'èr zhāng) are a group of ancient Chinese symbols and designs that are considered highly auspicious. They were employed in the decoration of textile fabrics in ancient China, which signified authority and power, and were embroidered on vestments of state.
Each of Ming emperor robe bears 12 ornaments 明朝皇帝龍袍都有12 章
日本孝明天皇的12章龍袍
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